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Romans 5

 

Review

Spin up:  

  • A letter of encouragement/ Comprehensive in its treatment of the gospel
  • Tearing down the barriers between Jew and gentile -- continues
  • Fruits: Suppressors of truth ( Rom 1:29-32) vs. Spirit of Truth (Gal 5:22-23)
  • Learning to follow the pronouns/Look for “by no means!”
  • Purpose/function of God’s Law (knowledge of sin; leads to Savior)
  • Universal sinfulness; God’s judgment of sin, hypocrisy warnings; self-examination
  • Justification by faith apart from works; faith without  works is dead (James 2)

Lots of good news this week (popular on-ramp for the “Romans Road”)


Romans 5:1 Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. 2 Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.


 

The result of Justification before God is peace with God. 

 

Notice the tense of the verbs:

past: (done deal)

present: (we can enjoy/celebrate)

have been justified

we have peace with God

have obtained access

rejoice in hope …

 

Contrast “peace with God” with the following verses: (peace with God is a BIG DEAL!)


ESV James 4:4 You adulterous people! Do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God.

ESV Ephesians 2:1 And you were dead in the trespasses and sins 2 in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience- 3 among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.

ESV Romans 2:5 But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God's righteous judgment will be revealed.


 


ESV Romans 5:3 More than that, we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, 4 and endurance produces character, and character produces hope, 5 and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.


Weeks ago we discussed some of the false promises of pop-evangelicalism, one of those being you will be happy, healthy, wealthy, etc.

 


ESV James 1:2 Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds, 3 for you know that the testing of your faith produces steadfastness.

ESV Hebrews 12:7 It is for discipline that you have to endure. God is treating you as sons. For what son is there whom his father does not discipline? 8 If you are left without discipline, in which all have participated, then you are illegitimate children and not sons.

ESV Romans 12:12 Rejoice in hope, be patient in tribulation, be constant in prayer.


 

It is not a question of whether difficult times will come.  The question is how we will respond to them.  How will we view them?  Are tough times evidence of a lack of faith?

 

sufferings à endurance à character à hope

 

hope  (New Testament definition) – “the assurance of something not yet fully realized”  

    * NOT uncertain, wishful thinking (“I hope my lottery ticket wins”)

 

does not put us to shame (fail) … why?  because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.

*Side note: notice the Holy Spirit here is referred to as “who” (some question personhood)

 

How is God’s love poured into us? —Through the Holy Spirit.  Other effects:


ESV Acts 1:8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth."

ESV Galatians 5:22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.

ESV 1 Corinthians 12:4 Now there are varieties of gifts, but the same Spirit; 5 and there are varieties of service, but the same Lord; 6 and there are varieties of activities, but it is the same God who empowers them all in everyone. 7 To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good. 8 To one is given through the Spirit the utterance of wisdom, and to another the utterance of knowledge according to the same Spirit, 9 to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit, 10 to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the ability to distinguish between spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. 11 All these are empowered by one and the same Spirit, who apportions to each one individually as he wills.


Power, fruits, gifts …

 


ESV Romans 5:6 For while we were still weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For one will scarcely die for a righteous person- though perhaps for a good person one would dare even to die- 8 but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. 9 Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God. 10 For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life. 11 More than that, we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.


 

This is a great summary of the gospel and what we’ve covered earlier.  Christ died for the ungodly, … while we were still sinners … us … reconciled to God … peace with God (saved from wrath).

 

Paul is the only one who uses this term, and he uses it three times here… very important as we transition to the discussion of Christ and Adam.

Reconciled - reconcile 

·                     c.1300, of persons, from L. reconcilare "to bring together again," from re- "again" + concilare "make friendly"

·                     To reestablish a close relationship, as in marriage

 

In order for there to be a need for reconciliation, there has to exist a broken relationship…

 


ESV Genesis 3:23 therefore the LORD God sent him out from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken. 24 He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.


           


ESV Romans 5:12 Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned- 13 for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. 14 Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.


Paul begins a comparison of Christ and Adam lasting the rest of the chapter.

 

types and shadows—throughout Scripture you will see types and foreshadowings of Christ (Melchizedek, serpent of brass, Isaac, Moses, David …).  Here Adam will be revealed as the representative of all mankind (as our father).

 

 “those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam”- Adam did not have the handicap of a sin nature, had true “libertarian free will.”  As we’ll see, all since Adam have been born sinners by nature, “slaves of sin” in need of liberation.

 


ESV Romans 5:15 But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man's trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. 16 And the free gift is not like the result of that one man's sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification.


Adam’s sin—“many” (previously revealed as all men) died (spiritually) à condemnation

ESV Ephesians 2:1 And you were dead in the trespasses and sins

Christ’s redemption—(“free gift” X4, “grace” X2)      à       justification

ESV Ephesians 2:5 even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ- by grace you have been saved

 


ESV Romans 5:17 If, because of one man's trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ. 18 Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. 19 For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.


Adam’s sin—“all men” were made sinners

Christ’s redemption— “all men” were made righteous  (“every single person?”)

all men- are all saved? (universalism)  see questions.

 


ESV Romans 5:20 Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, 21 so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.


Law (much much later than Adam) increased trespass (by codifying/clarifying God’s standards)

As death and darkness are increased, so is the contrast of the beauty and brilliance of grace.

  • sin reigned in death
  • grace reigns through righteousness leading to eternal life (through Christ).


ESV Romans 4:20 No distrust made him waver concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, 21 fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised. 22 That is why his faith was "counted to him as righteousness." 23 But the words "it was counted to him" were not written for his sake alone, 24 but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord, 25 who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification.


 

 

Why was he convinced that God was able to do what he had promised?  Do we not have even more evidence of God’s faithfulness and power?


 

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